Presidential Office Building, Taipei

The Presidential Office Building houses the Office of the President of the Republic of China (Taiwan). The building, located in the Zhongzheng District in the national capital of Taipei, Republic of China (Taiwan), was designed by architect Uheiji Nagano during the period of Japanese rule of Taiwan (1895-1945). The structure originally housed the Office of the Governor-General of Taiwan. Damaged in Allied bombing during World War II, the building was restored after the war by Chen Yi, the Governor-General of the Taiwan province. It became the Presidential Office in 1950 after the Republic of China lost control of mainland China and relocated the nation's capital to Taipei City at the end of the Chinese Civil War.

Design

The Presidential Office Building occupies the city block between Chongqing South Road and Bo'ai Road in downtown Taipei. It is designed in the shape of two squares stretching from Baoqing Road to Guiyang Street.

The 130 meter-wide facade faces east down multi-lane Ketagalan Boulevard. This reflects the concerns of its Japanese architects, who often oriented important structures toward the rising sun at the head of long avenues. (This feature may also be seen in Main Library of National Taiwan University).

The building has ten entrances but only the front entrance and west gate are used for official functions. In the original design an ornate Baroque-style domed entrance hall greeted visiting dignitaries. This entrance hall was reconstructed with simpler interior features after destruction of the first hall in World War 2. The west gate, the formal rear entrance of the building, features a grand marble staircase and porch lined with Ionic and Corinthian pillars.

The two-part main building, six stories high, mainly houses government offices and maintenance services. The office wings feature balconies and long corridor that allow view of the sunlit North and South Gardens.

The 60-meter tower at the center of the building was the tallest structure in the Taipei Basin during Japanese rule. When the Nationalist regime took power, a platform was built at the top floor to enable martial flag-raising ceremonies.

The Presidential Office Building stands within walking distance of 228 Memorial Park, the National Taiwan Museum, the original hospital of the National Taiwan University, the original East Gate of the City of Taipei, the Chang Yung Fa Foundation Building (formerly Kuomintang Party Headquarters) and the National Theater and Concert Hall at Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall. A few blocks to the west is Taipei's popular Ximending shopping district with its historic cinema and Jhongshan Concert Hall. A few blocks to the north is Taipei Main Station and Shin Kong Life Tower.

History

At the time Japanese rule of Taiwan began in 1895, the Governor-General of Taiwan set up temporary headquarters at the former Qing Dynasty secretariat. The new rulers began making long-terms plans for development of the island. The plans soon included building a new headquarters for the Governor-General. A two-stage architectural design contest was held in 1906 and 1910.

The architectural design of Uheiji Nagano was selected in 1910. Aspects of the design typical of Japanese architects in Taiwan's colonial period include a facade facing east and a creative blend of traditional European elements (Renaissance, Baroque and neo-Classical features). Plans were submitted to Tokyo where revisions were made to Nagano's original design. Tokyo authorities increased the height of the initial six-story central tower to 11 stories and made defensive improvements to the defense tower and corner towers. Construction began in June 1912 and was completed in March 1919 at a cost of 2.8 million Japanese yen.

During the Second World War, the building suffered heavy bombing from the Allied Powers and was severely damaged. On 31 May 1945, during the Raid on Taipei, bombs hit the front left side, main lobby, and northern sections of the Taiwan Governor-General's Office. The fire burned for three days, damaging large parts of the building. Forty-five days after the air raid, Japan surrendered.

The building was not repaired until 1947, when the Taiwan Provincial Government initiated a restoration plan funded through private donations. The restoration involved approximately 81,000 workers and was completed at the end of 1948, looking only slightly different from the original building. Since the timing of the restoration's completion coincided with the 60th birthday of President Chiang Kai-shek, it was renamed Chieh Shou Hall ("Chieh Shou" means "Long live Chiang Kai-shek".) Beginning in mid-1949, the building served as the southeast military affairs office and, following the retreat of the ROC central government from mainland China to Taiwan, it became the Office of the President in 1950. Since 2006 the name Chieh Shou Hall has been dropped. The structure is officially referred to in English simply as the Presidential Office Building.

Chronology

  • 1895: Qing Dynasty cedes Taiwan to Japan in the Treaty of Shimonoseki. Japanese rule begins in the island.
  • 1906: First stage of design competition for Governor-General's Office.
  • 1910: Final stage of design competition; Uheiji Nagano's design selected.
  • 1912: Construction of Governor-General's Office begins.
  • 1915: Beam-raising ceremony.
  • 1919: Completion.
  • 1945: Heavily damaged by Allied forces on May 31. Japan surrender its troops.
  • 1947: Restoration by the Taiwan Provincial Government of the Republic of China begins.
  • 1948: Restoration completed. Building named Chieh Shou Hall in honor of President Chiang Kai-shek.
  • 1950: Building houses Office of the President after the ROC lost control of mainland China.
  • 1987: President Chiang Ching-kuo signs decree ending martial law in reception room.
  • 1990: Lee Teng-hui receives fifty Wild Lily student demonstrators and pledges democratic reforms (March 21).
  • 1996: Lee Teng-hui inaugurated as the first popularly elected President of the Republic of China.
  • 1998: Building declared a historic national monument by Ministry of the Interior.
  • 2000: Chen Shui-bian is elected the first non-KMT President of the Republic of China since the end of martial law.
  • 2006: Chen Shui-bian formally drops the name "Chieh Shou Hall".
  • 2008: Term of Chen Shui-bian expires; newly-elected President Ma Ying-Jeou sworn in.

Gallery of Images

See also

Шаблон:Commons category

  • Republic of China Presidential Museum
  • History of the Republic of China
  • President of the Republic of China
  • Governor-General of Taiwan
  • Japanese General Government Building, Seoul
  • Presidential Palace, Nanjing

References

External links

Listed in the following categories:
Post a comment
Tips & Hints
Arrange By:
Nuri Jeon
10 October 2014
Beautiful architecture harmonized with palm trees.
Kevin Liao
9 August 2013
Friday night peace
Gonny Zwaag, van der
17 April 2019
Once you're here, take the opportunity to also visit the National Taiwan Museum, 228 Park and Ximending. All are nearby.
phoeagon Zoooos
2 August 2015
Come here at 6 for the flag ceremony
Rue. SATOH
21 February 2022
1919 年に台湾総督府として建てられた、赤煉瓦 + 花崗岩の辰野式建築。設計は辰野金吾に師事し、大倉山記念館などを手掛けた長野宇平治。長野の当初案では中央塔は 6 階程度だったが、威厳を強調するために現在の 9 階建に引き上げられている (ので、ちょっとバランスが悪いと思う)。
阿部 けんじょい
14 March 2013
午前中(11時半迄)のみパスポート持参で見学可。ボランティアの方が日本語で案内して下さいます。台湾の歴史はもちろん、日台の関係もよく理解できます。おすすめです!
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foursquare.com
9.0/10
Nadya Popova and 5,952 more people have been here
Map
Presidential Office Building, No. 122, Section 1, Chongqing S Rd, Zhongzheng District, Taipei City, Taiwan 100 Get directions
Sat 9:00 AM–7:00 PM
Sun 5:00 AM–6:00 AM
Mon 8:00 AM–4:00 PM
Tue 9:00 AM–5:00 PM
Wed 9:00 AM–1:00 PM
Thu 7:00 AM–3:00 PM

Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan) on Foursquare

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