Cherven (fortress)

The stronghold of Cherven (Bulgarian: Червен, "red") was one of the Second Bulgarian Empire's primary military, administrative, economic and cultural centres between the 12th and the 14th century. The ruins of the fortress are located near the village of the same name 30–35 km south of Rousse, northeastern Bulgaria.

History

The town was a successor to an earlier Byzantine fortress of the 6th century, but the area has been inhabited since the arrival of the Thracians. Cherven was first mentioned in the 11th century in an Old Bulgarian apocryphal chronicle. It gained importance after 1235, when it became the seat of the medieval Bulgarian Orthodox Bishopric of Cherven. It was affected by the Mongol Golden Horde raids in 1242 and was briefly conquered by Byzantine troops during the reign of Tsar Ivailo (1278–1280).

During the second half of the 14th century, the stronghold's area exceeded 1 km² and had intensive urban development, including a fortified inner city on vast rock ground in one of the Cherni Lom river's bends, and an outer city at the foot of the rocks and on the neighbouring hills. The town had a complex fortification system and was completely built up. Cherven grew to become a centre of craftsmanship in the 14th century, with iron extraction, ironworking, goldsmithing, construction and arts being well developed. The town was an important junction of roads from the Danube to the country's interior, which also made the town a key centre of trade.

Cherven was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1388 during the Bulgarian-Ottoman Wars, initially retaining its administrative functions but later declining in importance. The modern village of Cherven located close to the ruins of the fortress has, as of September 2005[update], 302 inhabitants.

Archaeological site

The remains of the medieval town of Cherven are an archaeological site of great importance to the research of Bulgarian culture of the Middle Ages. The first excavations were carried out in 1910–1911 under professor Vasil Zlatarski, while regular research on the site began in 1961. Currently, archaeological work is being conducted by Dr. Stoyan Yordanov of the Rousse Regional Museum of History. Dr. Yordanov has over thirty years of experience working at Cherven, and leads excavations atop the Cherven old town site every summer.

A large feudal palace, fortified walls reaching up to 3 m in width, two well-preserved underground water supply passages, 13 churches, administrative and residential buildings, workshops and streets have been excavated. The 12 m-high three-storey keep from the 14th century has also been fully preserved and was even used as a model for the reconstruction of Baldwin's Tower in Tsarevets, Veliko Tarnovo, in 1930. The site has been a national archaeological reserve since 1965 and is also a popular tourist attraction.

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Bate Goiko
14 September 2018
Excellent views from the top of the hill, you can climb up from the ticket center and walk down on the other side of the fortress
Vladimir Dragiev
20 May 2014
Всяка година през Май сдружение Чигот организира средновековен фестивал Червен. Следете facebook.com/chigot за новини. Обикновено се провежда по Гергьовден или покрай 24-ти Май.
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Kinofdc Wilder and 9,309 more people have been here
Map
0.3km from Unnamed Road, 7084 Cherven, Ruse Province, Bulgaria Get directions
Fri 9:00 AM–10:00 AM
Sat 10:00 AM–8:00 PM
Sun 10:00 AM–9:00 PM
Mon Noon–5:00 PM
Tue 10:00 AM–11:00 AM
Wed 10:00 AM–2:00 PM

Средновековна крепост Червен (Medieval town Cherven) on Foursquare

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