History
Lithuania was first founded in the 13th century, a time when it was one of the largest countries in Europe. It enjoyed its independence until 1795 when it was annexed by the Russian Empire. In 1918 the country regained its independence and further strengthened it during the interwar period. However, in 1940 Lithuania was once again occupied by the Soviet Union, only to gain free five years later after the major uprising against communism.
Cities
The largest city in Lithuania is Vilnius, its capital and undoubted cultural centre. Here you can enjoy a range of old buildings, cobbled streets and colourful squares - this mix of medieval, baroque and neoclassical architecture makes Vilnius an overabundance of beauty. Kaunas is another big city - the second biggest in Lithuania - which offers an interesting ensemble of architectural styles that combines Gothic with Renaissance and Russian Art Nouveau.
Tourist Destinations
Lithuania has plenty to offer for travellers who want to discover its many wonders. Hill of Crosses near Šiauliai is a famous pilgrimage centre that has become a symbol of religious freedom and national identity ever since 1831. Trakai Castle is also worth a visit - built in the 15th century as a defence structure, now it's known as one of the most visited monuments in the Vilnius Region. Avilion Park located in highly urbanized Kaunas impress everyone with its astonishing beauty; consisting of a Rose Garden, Rock Garden and exotic plants from all parts of the world.
Things to do
This beautiful country offers diverse activities to choose from; particularly if you appreciate being outdoors. You can explore some breathtaking Lithuanian landscapes by hiking or biking across several trails such as King Mindaugas Trail or The Curonian Spit National Park. Another popular activity here is canoeing through Nemunas river delta, sailing over hidden lakes or snowshoeing through wintry woods - all of which are incredibly enjoyable experiences. The Duchy Hunting Territory provides a unique peek into nature at its most exclusive side; for those wishing to try some hunting activities here, you'll find perfect spots for wild boar hunting and another type of game.
Cuisine
Lithuanian cuisine is considered to be hearty yet quite simple; indicated by its local ingredients that usually have mild flavours instead of strong seasoning. Beet soup (Borscht) is one traditional dish but potato dishes tend to be present in many meals such as Cepelinai (stuffed pancakes) or Kartoffelpuffer (potato pancakes). Seafood plays quite an important role too; herring served with potatoes or bread tends to be very popular here whilst fried sprats or salads with smoked fish provided succulent alternatives. Lithuanian traditional desserts traditionally include kissel (largely made from a strawberry) or šakotis (cake covered with caramel).